Rootmanual:ldap

Useful documentation

https://wiki.debian.org/LDAP/OpenLDAPSetup

http://www.openldap.org/doc/admin22/index.html

http://www.zytrax.com/books/ldap/ch6/slapd-config.html

https://wiki.debian.org/LDAP/MigrationTools

Bootstrap slapd

First install debian, configure the network and run puppet. Please see ldap-server in the lysator puppet git repo.

Now, slapd needs to be reconfigured (mainly to set ldap admin password). Run this:

dpkg-reconfigure -plow slapd

Example answers, note the password <ldap-admin>.

Omit OpenLDAP server configuration? no
DNS nomain name: lysator.liu.se
Organization name: lysator.liu.se
Administrator password: <ldap-admin>
Database backend to use: MDB
Remove database when slapd is purged: no
Move old database: yes
Allow ldapv2 protocol: no

Last, make sure slapd is running:

service slapd start

You should see this in /var/log/syslog:

<date> ldap slapd[XXX]: slapd starting
 ldap slapd[XXX]: Starting OpenLDAP: slapd.

Purgin the database

To start from scratch:

service slapd stop
rm -r /var/lib/ldap/*
rm -r /etc/ldap/slapd.d/*

Configure slapd

The OpenLDAP server (slapd) is configured by making changes to a database call ed "cn=config".

We need to make a number of changes before we are ready to initialize the normal database with user data.

We make the changes by writing so called ldif files and applying them to the database with the ldapmodify tool.

ldapmodify -Y EXTERNAL -H ldapi:/// -f diff.ldif

For viewing changes we use the following:

ldapsearch -Y EXTERNAL -H ldapi:/// -b "cn=config"

Configure more extensive indexing

Configure slapd to use more indexing to improve performance. Put this into indexing.ldif

dn: olcDatabase={1}mdb,cn=config
changetype: modify
add: olcDbIndex
olcDbIndex: cn pres,sub,eq
-
add: olcDbIndex
olcDbIndex: sn pres,sub,eq
-
add: olcDbIndex
olcDbIndex: uid pres,sub,eq
-
add: olcDbIndex
olcDbIndex: displayName pres,sub,eq
-
add: olcDbIndex
olcDbIndex: default sub
-
add: olcDbIndex
olcDbIndex: uidNumber eq
-
add: olcDbIndex
olcDbIndex: gidNumber eq
-
add: olcDbIndex
olcDbIndex: mail,givenName eq,subinitial
-
add: olcDbIndex
olcDbIndex: dc eq

Run this:

ldapmodify -Y EXTERNAL -H ldapi:/// -f indexing.ldif

Configure SASL/SSL

First, generate official certificates. There should be three files, in our case:

/etc/ldap/cert/chain-lysator.liu.se.pem
/etc/ldap/cert/ldap.lysator.liu.se.pem
/etc/ldap/cert/ldap.lysator.liu.se.key

Make sure that the openldap user has the rights to read these files.

chown -R openldap:openldap /etc/ldap/cert/*
chmod -R 0400 /etc/ldap/cert*

Put the following in ldif files and apply.

Only use tls.

dn: olcDatabase={1}mdb,cn=config
changetype: modify
replace: olcSecurity
olcSecurity: tls=1

Check that it is in the config:

ldapsearch -Y EXTERNAL -H ldapi:/// -b "cn=config" | egrep

Specify certificate.

dn: cn=config
changetype: modify
add: olcTLSCACertificateFile
olcTLSCACertificateFile: /etc/ldap/cert/chain-lysator.liu.se.pem
-
add: olcTLSCertificateFile
olcTLSCertificateFile: /etc/ldap/cert/ldap.lysator.liu.se.pem
-
add: olcTLSCertificateKeyFile
olcTLSCertificateKeyFile: /etc/ldap/cert/ldap.lysator.liu.se.key
-
add: olcTLSVerifyClient
olcTLSVerifyClient: never

Import NIS User schema

Import nis schema

 ldapadd -Y EXTERNAL -H ldapi:/// -f /etc/ldap/schema/nis.ldif

Verify that you can find posixAccount

 ldapsearch -Y EXTERNAL -H ldapi:/// -b "cn=config" | grep posixAccount

Import AUTOFS schema

Import autofs schema

 ldapadd -Y EXTERNAL -H ldapi:/// -f /etc/ldap/schema/autofs-ldap.ldif

Verify that you can find automount

ldapsearch -Y EXTERNAL -H ldapi:/// -b "cn=config" | grep automount

Importing data from NIS

• Import from nis scripts.
• Autofs conversion.
• Character conversion.

Add top tree nodes in ldap database

Before we import data into the database, some structures must be constructed inside the database. Add the following:

dn: dc=lysator,dc=liu,dc=se
objectClass: top
objectClass: dcObject
objectClass: organization
o: Lysator
dc: lysator

dn: cn=admin,dc=lysator,dc=liu,dc=se
objectClass: organizationalRole
objectClass: simpleSecurityObject
cn: admin
description: LDAP administrator
userPassword: {SHA}hash

Configure migrationtools

Run this:

apt-get install migrationtools

This installs a number of scripts and configuration tools for converting NIS to ldap.

Configuration files can be found here:

/usr/share/migrationtools

Cruically in :

/etc/migrationtools/migrate_common.ph

Change to the following:

$DEFAULT_MAIL_DOMAIN = "lysator.liu.se";
$DEFAULT_BASE = "dc=lysator,dc=liu,dc=se";

Errors & Hell

Implementation Specific Error (80)

This can be due to incorrect indentation or possibly that a path to a file specified in the ldif is incorrect. We got this error while trying to add the encryption keys. The path was correct but the files had not been moved there yet. Implementation Specific Error seems to be a catch all kind of error.